آشنایی با فرهنگ اصطلاحات و استاندارد لوله

۱۳ اسفند ۱۳۹۷(2025 روز پیش) 1,258 بازدید

در این بخش مقاله ای برای آشنایی با فرهنگ اصطلاحات و استاندارد لوله برای کاربران گرامی سایت مهندس ایران ارائه شده است. در ادامه خلاصه ای از این فرهنگ لغت را مطالعه نمایید:

API	American Petroleum Institute – Issues standards for oil & gas industry	اﻧﺴﺘﯿﺘﻮی ﻧﻔﺖ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺻﺪور اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎی ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز
ASTM	American Society for Testing Materials – Issues standards for line pipe	اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻣﻮاد آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ )ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺻﺪور اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ(
A53A	ASTM grades of carbon steel pipe	گریدهای ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی (ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ(
A53B	ASTM grades of carbon steel pipe	گریدهای ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی (ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ(
A53F	ASTM grades of carbon steel pipe	گریدهای ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی (ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ(
A106	ASTM grades of carbon steel pipe	گریدهای ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی (ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎﯾﯽ(
bevel	Angle formed between the prepared edge, the end of the tube and a plane perpendicular to the surface. Standard line pipe bevel is 30 degrees	فرم دﻫﯽ در ﺳﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ و اﯾﺠﺎد زاوﯾﻪ ﺣﺪود ۳۰ درﺟﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزی ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﺗﺼﺎل دوﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ (ﮐﻮﻧﯿﮏ(
billet	Round, solid bar of steel which is pierced to form a seamless tube or pipe.	مقطع فولادی ﻣﺪور ﮐﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد (ﺷﺎﻓﺖ ﻓﻮﻻدی(
black	Denotes lacquered OD finish (as opposed to bare or galvanized)	لوله سیاه (ﻏﯿﺮ ﮔﺎﻟﻮاﻧﯿﺰه)
box	Internal (female) threaded end	رزوه ﺳﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻣﺎدﮔﯽ
Brinell	Hardness testing system which measures indentation of the subject using a standard weight, shaped point.	سیستم تست سختی
BTC	buttress threaded and coupled	ﻣحافظ رزوه ﻟﻮﻟﻪ
bundle	Number of pieces (same length) banded together for shipping. Height and width is usually 1-2 but # varies with OD	بسته بندی ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺪادی ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﻢ طول بوسیله نوارﻫﺎی ﻓﻮﻻدی – ﺑﻨﺪﯾﻞ
burst	Internal pressure at which a tube will yield – often tested	فشار داﺧﻠﯽ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻓﺸﺎر ﻫﯿﺪرواﺳﺘﺎﺗﯿﮑﯽ تست می شود.
casing	Pipe used as a structural retainer for the walls of a driiled hole.	لوله های ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺪاره ﭼﺎه
CAD	Computer Aided Design	ﻃراحی ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی
CAM	Computer Aided Manufacturing	تولید با اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ
CNC	Computer Numerically Controlled – refers to machinery	ماشین اﺑﺰار ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮی
Cold drawn	Pipe or tubing which is pulled through a die to reduce diameter and wall. This process usually produces closer toler ances and higher strength.	عملیا ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﯾﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ. اﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻣﻨﺠرﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﺮاﻧﺲ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد .
chamfer	Beveled end, usually done as a perliminary operation to threading.	لوله دوﺳﺮ ﮐﻮﻧﯿﮏ
coupling	short piece ussed to connect two lengths of pipe	کوپلینگ قطعاتی که جهت اﺗﺼﺎل دو ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد .
CW	continuous weld – a method of producing small diameter pipe (1/2- 4″)	جوش ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻗﻄﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد
cft	Hundred foot – (sometimes used in pricing) i.e. $425.97/cft vs. $4.2597/ft.)	یکصد فوت ﺑﻌﻀﺎ در واﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻃﻮل ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﺮوش ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد . مثلا ۴۲۵$ برای هر cft.وزن ضرب در ۱۰۰
cwt	Hundred weight. Often used in handling or trucking pricing, i.e. 30/cwt load out charge or $1.65/cwt (freight) with a minimum such as 30,000#.	معمولا محاسبات ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ و ﻧﻘﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد . مثلا ۳۰$ برای هر cwt بعنوان هزینه محل
DRL	Double random length – line pipe with a 35’+ average length	دو ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻃﻮل ﻣﻌﻤﻮل – لوله هایی با میانگین طول حداقل ۳۵ فوت یا ۱۰/۶ متر
drift	Minimum ID clearance verified by puling a mandrel of known size through a length of pipe.	ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﯽ ﻣﺠﺎر ﻫﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﻧﺪرل ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد .
EMI	Electro Magnetic Inspection – A method of determinimg wall thickness and detecting imperfections in steel tubes.	ﺑﺎزرﺳﯽ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺴﯽ
ERW	Electric Resistance Weld – Most common form of manufacture for pipe in sizes from ۲ ۳/۸-۲۲” OD	ﺟﻮﺷﮑﺎری ﺑﻪ روش ﻗﻮس اﻟﮑﺘﺮﯾﮑﯽ (ﺟﻮش اﻟﻘﺎﯾﯽ).ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﺎ ﯾﺰ ۲۲-۳/۲۸ اﯾﻨﭻ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد .
EUE	external upset ends – forging of ends on (API) tubing and drill pipe to provide additional thickness for strengthening cinnections	ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت آﻫﻨﮕﺮی اﻧﺘﻬﺎی ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ و فراﻫﻢ آوری ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﺎی ﺟﻮﺷﮑﺎری دو ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ .
FOB	Fright On Board – Used to denote where pipe is to be provided to the buyer.	ﻧﻮﻋﯽ روش ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮ روی ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﮐﺸﺘﯽ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻒ ﺗﺮﯾﻠﯽ
flush joint	Connection with male and female threads cut directly into the pipe (as opposed to T&C). This provides the same ID and OD clearance as in the middle of the tube, once lengths are joined.	ﻧﻮﻋﯽ اﺗﺼﺎل دو ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ رزوه ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ درون ﺷﺎﺧﻪ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد .ﻧﺮی و ﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﯾﺎ رزوه ﺑﻮﺷﻦ.
FLD	Full Length Drift (as opposed to” end drift”)- usuallly performed as part of used tubing or casing (OCTG) inspection.	کنترل قطر داخلی لوله در تمام طول هر شاخه برعکسdrift که فقط سر لوله مورد کنترل قرار می ﮔﯿﺮد .
hardfacing	Abrasion – Resistant metal applied by welding (usually in strips) on the surface of softer material to increase wear properties.	ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﻓﻮﻻد
hoist or lift plug	Pin-threaded sub with hook, eye or rod on other end; used for picking up or laying down threaded pipe, casing or rods.	ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی آﻣﺎده ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ در ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﺮﺛﻘﯿﻞ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻘﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد .
ID	Inside Diameter	ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﯽ
joint	One length of pipe	ﺗﮑﻪ ای از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺪون ﻃﻮل ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﺮای آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ارﺳﺎل ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد .
LS	Limited service – Pipe not meeting specification, usually rejected at the mill.	ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻧﺪارد و ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ در ﮐﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻧﮕﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ
Lsaw	long submerged are welding	ﺟﻮش زﯾﺮ ﭘﻮدری ﺑﺮای ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎی درز ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ
LT	Loaded Trucks – used in price quotation to indicate seller pays for handling.	اﺻﻄﻼﺣﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎرﮔﯿﺮی ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺣﺘﺴﺎب ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﺎرﮔﯿﺮی ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه